The world is shaking with the advent of Chat GPT, an interactive AI that can answer any question just like a human. Artificial intelligence (also known as AI) is a computer system that has human-like intelligence. For example, smart speakers and smartphone facial recognition systems are a type of artificial intelligence. A smart speaker can understand what is being said from a human voice and respond accordingly. A facial recognition system would determine whether two people are the same person based on their faces. In recent years, artificial intelligence such as “Chat GPT” has developed rapidly. If artificial intelligence continues to develop at this rate, the social environment surrounding us will change rapidly. Some people may be feeling anxious about their future lives and employment. In this article, we will explain what artificial intelligence is and how the world will change due to the development of artificial intelligence.
The current state of artificial intelligence (AI)
Development of artificial intelligence and future changes
Future concerns due to the development of artificial intelligence
summary
The current state of artificial intelligence (AI)
First, let’s take a look at the current state of artificial intelligence.
Artificial intelligence enters the era of machine learning and deep learning
The development of artificial intelligence began surprisingly long ago, in the 1950s. The current era is called the third AI boom, which has been going on since around 2013.
Nowadays, with the development of the web and big data, we have access to large amounts of data. The fact that artificial intelligence is now able to learn from a large amount of data can be said to be the background to the third AI boom. Artificial intelligence has also become more practical as it can now perform machine learning and deep learning.
Representative themes of artificial intelligence
Representative themes of artificial intelligence include inference/exploration and expert systems. Reasoning and exploration is the process of expressing and implementing thought processes in a corporate setting or searching for possibilities by hierarchy to arrive at a goal.
Inference and exploration have been carried out since the 1950s when artificial intelligence was first developed. At that time, we could only handle very simple things, but now we can often handle things that involve multiple factors.
An expert system incorporates knowledge from a specialized field and makes inferences. It was mainly developed in the 1980s. When you ask a question, you can answer it according to preset rules. However, we can only respond to questions related to specific areas. For example, in the medical field, a typical example is disease diagnosis.
Machine learning and deep learning are the main themes in recent artificial intelligence development and are attracting attention.
Machine learning discovers and learns knowledge and rules from big data. For example, we can recommend recommended products based on purchase data. There is no need for people to set detailed rules.
Deep learning uses the human brain’s neural network. Artificial intelligence acquires the necessary knowledge on its own.
Examples of using artificial intelligence
Artificial intelligence is already being used in a variety of situations. Examples include autonomous driving, outdoor surveillance cameras, lung cancer detection, and cooking robots.
Outdoor surveillance cameras can analyze the behavior of suspicious individuals and detect when someone is seen behaving similarly. Lung cancer detection uses image recognition technology, which can save time compared to when doctors do it visually. Deep learning can also be expected to improve detection rates.
Development of artificial intelligence and future changes
Let’s take a look at how artificial intelligence will develop in the future and how it will change the future.
How will artificial intelligence develop in the future?
There is a strong view that artificial intelligence will develop in the future through both the use of big data and the advancement of artificial intelligence technology based on brain science. The fusion of information science and brain science is also expected. I would like to give examples by field to give you an idea of ​​what kind of development is expected.
・Fields such as medical care and healthcare
It will be possible to provide customized and advanced medical services.
・In the education field,
tutor robots are expected to play an active role. Utilizing data such as students’ brain activity status, classes can be tailored to suit each student. There is a high possibility that it will be able to support multilingualization.
・Disaster prevention field:
Real-time evacuation route instructions and automatic translation during disasters are expected. Even if a large-scale disaster occurs, the damage will be minimized.
・Business field:
Marketing that incorporates emotions becomes possible.
– Nursing care and welfare field
Nursing care staff will be able to collaborate with nursing care support robots. Nursing care robots will likely be responsible for heavy-duty tasks.
・Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries fields:
It is expected to lead to the efficient development of new varieties and the realization of precision agriculture.
How will society change with the development of artificial intelligence?
The development of artificial intelligence will likely lead to a reduction in crime as crime prevention and surveillance will be strengthened. Even if there is a suspicious person, you can find it immediately.
Motion learning will also dramatically improve machine motion. It can be expected to improve operational efficiency in the manufacturing and logistics industries.
It will also be useful for improving information security and simulation technology.
The expected role of artificial intelligence in the future
If artificial intelligence is used in society, it will be able to compensate for labor shortages. This would be a great benefit, especially in Japan, where the birthrate is declining and the population is aging and the population continues to decline.
Efficiency can be improved even in fields where labor shortages are serious, such as agriculture and nursing care. This will also help improve food self-sufficiency and the quality of nursing care services. Utilizing intellectual property through machine learning is also one of the roles that artificial intelligence is expected to play.
Future concerns due to the development of artificial intelligence
With the development of artificial intelligence, there are also challenges such as:
Impact on employment
One concern is that employment will decrease. As technological innovation through artificial intelligence progresses, some jobs will be replaced by artificial intelligence. If that happens, some people will lose their jobs.
However, there is also work needed to introduce and disseminate artificial intelligence. New jobs using artificial intelligence will also be created. Utilizing artificial intelligence also comes at a cost. Therefore, there is a strong view that this will not lead to a situation where most people’s jobs will be lost. To respond to a society in which artificial intelligence has developed, we need to be more careful about utilizing artificial intelligence in anticipation of creating new jobs and supplementing employment.
singularity problem
The singularity is a technological singularity proposed by Ray Kurzweil, where ICT exceeds human intelligence.
It is said that there is a high possibility that we will reach the singularity in 2045, and if that happens, people’s living environment will suddenly change. AI may also begin to perform technological development.
ethical issues
Human society has universal values ​​such as happiness, fairness, morality, rights, and tradition. However, as artificial intelligence develops, there will be a risk that such universal values ​​will be violated. There are concerns that humans’ inherent rights will be lost and that their intelligence will be violated.
Addressing the misuse of artificial intelligence is also a major challenge. If artificial intelligence becomes as intelligent as or better than humans, it will also be difficult to deal with abuse. Furthermore, not all uses of artificial intelligence will be successful. Serious mistakes and accidents may occur. Therefore, the question of who is responsible for what happens as a result of AI learning and making decisions on its own will also arise.
summary
We are currently in the third AI boom, and artificial intelligence is being actively developed in areas such as machine learning and deep learning. In the future, artificial intelligence will be able to learn by collecting data and finding rules on its own.
Although there are concerns about the impact on employment, there is also a great possibility that new jobs will be created due to the development of artificial intelligence. You can expect improvements in crime prevention, productivity, and resolving labor shortages. It is also predicted that a singularity will occur where artificial intelligence will surpass human intelligence. In general, the future after 2045 may be very different from the society we have seen up until now.
